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bear rotten fruit

  • 1 σήπω

    σήπω (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX; Ath. 36, 2. Act. ‘cause to rot/decay’, pass. ‘rot’) 1 aor. impv. 2 sg. σῆψον Job 40:12; 2 pf. σέσηπα, ptc. n. σεσηπός. Pass.: 2 fut. 3 sg. σαπήσεται Ezk 17:9; 2 aor. 3 pl ἐσάπησαν LXX; pf. 3 sg. σέσηπται (TestJob 43:7). The pf. act. ‘make rotten’ as a rule is used outside our lit. (Hom. et al.) intransitively like the pass. in the sense ‘decay’, and in our lit. exclusively so. Decay, rot (TestJob 43:7; Philo, Aet. M. 125; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 143), 2 pf. act. be decayed ξύλον σεσηπός rotten wood Dg 2:2. σηπομένης τῆς σαρκός as the flesh decays 1 Cl 25:3 (Cyranides p. 7, 21 ἐσέσηπτο ἡ σάρξ; Jos., Bell. 6, 164 σηπόμενον σῶμα). ὅπου … Ἱερόνυμος ἐκ τοῦ ὠτίου ἐσήπετο where … Hieronymus was suffering an aural discharge AcPl Ha 5, 23. οὐ πάντα σηπόμενα; Dg 2:4. Of a vine creeping along on the ground: σεσηπότα φέρειν bear rotten fruit Hs 2:3. Of the treasures of the rich Js 5:2.—DELG s.v. σήπομαι. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > σήπω

  • 2 σαπρός

    σαπρός, ά, όν (σήπω ‘make putrid’; Hipponax [VI B.C.] 32 A Diehl;, Aristoph., Hippocr. et al.; TestAbr B 13 p. 118, 13 [Stone p. 84, 13]; SIG2 587, 24; pap) prim.: ‘rotten, putrid’.
    ① lit. of such poor quality as to be of little or no value, bad, not good
    ⓐ in the prim. sense spoiled, rotten (of spoiled fish Antiphanes Com. [IV B.C.] Fgm. 218, 4 K. [in Athen. 6, 225f]) of rotten fruits (PFlor 176, 9 figs; Theophr., HP 4, 14, 10 of worms that infect olives) of grapes that lie on the ground and rot Hs 2:4.
    ⓑ of poor quality bad
    α. of living matter, fish Mt 13:48 (s. Bar 19, ’93, 52; it is of semantic significance that these fish have just been caught and would therefore not be rotten or spoiled, whereas Antiphanes in the ref. cited above [1a] declaims about fish that have been in the marketplace too long).—Of plants and their products (Aristoph., Theophr. et al.; PFay 119, 4; 6) that are of inferior quality: trees, Mt 7:17f; 12:33a; Lk 6:43b; fruit Mt 12:33b; Lk 6:43a. Unless the proverb contains hyperbolic diction, ‘rotten’ would be an inappropriate rendering, since ‘rotten’ trees would either not bear any fruit at all or at the most fruit of such poor quality as to be inedible.
    β. of stones unusable, unfit, bad λίθοι ς. stones of poor quality Hs 9, 5, 2; 9, 6, 4 (cp. Herodas 2, 23 worn-out shoes; PLond II, 356, 11f p. 252 [I A.D.])
    ② bad or unwholesome to the extent of being harmful, bad, evil, unwholesome, in a moral sense fig. ext. of 1 (Menand., Mon. 722; Epict. 3, 22, 61 σαπρὰ δόγματα; TestAbr B 13 p. 118, 13 [Stone 84, 13] λέγει ὁ θάνατος• οὐκ ἐστὶν ἄλλος σαπρότερός μου; Sb 5761, 23 [I A.D.] ς. ὄνομα; PSI 717, 4 [II A.D.] ἐὰν κατʼ ἐμοῦ καταψηφίσηταί τι σαπρόν; 312, 13 [IV A.D.] οὐδὲν σαπρὸν ποιήσει) λόγος σαπρός an evil word, evil speech Eph 4:29 (cp. M. Ant. 11, 15 ὡς σαπρὸς ὁ λέγων).—CLindhagen, Die Wurzel ΣΑΠ im AT u. NT: Upps. Univ. Årsskr. 5, ’50, 27–53.—DELG s.v. σήπομαι. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > σαπρός

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